The Handmaids Tale Novel About Totalitarian Government - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1436 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/10/31 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: The Handmaid's Tale Essay Did you like this example? The Handmaids Tale by Margaret Atwood is a novel that about a totalitarian government in the Republic of Gilead that takes over the United States because the United States was experiencing low levels of reproduction. Gilead is led by the power of males. Women are oppressed and have no power or say in things. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Handmaids Tale: Novel About Totalitarian Government" essay for you Create order The sole purpose of many females is to reproduce. The novel is told through the eyes of Offred. Offred is a handmaid like many others who are there to reproduce for those of the upper class who are having trouble reproducing on their own. Offred is in the control of the commander and his wife Serena Joy. Serena Joy is an advocate for traditional values and roles. Before Offred was a handmaid, she lived a life that did not necessarily reenact traditional values and roles. Every month, when Offred is in the right stage of her menstrual cycle, she must have sex with the commander while his wife Serena is in the room. Offred like many other women have very restricted freedom and rights. Very seldom is Offred able to leave the house. Offred is constantly watched by the police force of Gilead. Throughout the novel, we can understand women, gender, and sexuality.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Gilead, women are broken into five main categories: wives, handmaids, aunts, marthas, and econowives. Wives are upper-class women who are married to men who hold power within Gilead. Wives wear blue dresses to indicate the meaning of virgin Mary. Handmaids are those who are fertile and able to reproduce. Handmaids are used for one purpose and one purpose only, their body. Handmaids are oppressed in many ways within society. Women are not allowed to vote, read, or write. The idea is that women are not to become independent or become rebellious to the state or men. Handmaids wear red to indicate their fertility. Red symbolizes menstrual blood and is seen for the color of sin. Aunts are those who train handmaids. Aunts are to keep the order of the handmaids and are instilled to use force when needed. Aunts wear brown. Marthas are older women who are not married and are infertile. Marthas make great servants to the upper-class because they carry on many of the domestic roles such as cleaning and cooking. Marthas wear green. Lastly, econowives are those who are married to men who are lower in rank. Econowives do everything such as child bearing, domestic duties, and give comfort to their spouses. Econowives wear blue, red, brown, and green because they do everything. Although these women have different roles within society, at the end of the day, they all share the same burden. Women are restricted to their home and perform the same domestic duties. Ordinary, said Aunt Lydia, is what you are used to. This may not seem ordinary to you now, but after a time it will. It will become ordinary (33). With Gilead being a totalitarian government with strict rules, people forget that there is a possibility of a different life. Instead, people confine to the strict rules of the government and accept what is happening as a new normal. In Gilead, women are not diverse. Women are not powerful, heroes, courageous, intelligent, and brave. Although women could be all those things, they are only seen for one purpose and t hat is it. Women accept that they have no voice or power within society. Women accept their domestic roles and choose to abide by the rules of society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gender plays an important role within the society of Gilead. Men are the only ones with a voice and power. Men are the only ones who can hold jobs and have status within society. The only job of a women is to please her husband or to reproduce. I used to think of my body as an instrument, of pleasure, or a means of transportation, or an implement for the accomplishment of my will . . . Now the flesh arranges itself differently. Im a cloud, congealed around a central object, the shape of a pear, which is hard and more real than I am and glows red within its translucent wrapping (73). Women are dehumanized within the society of Gilead. Offred use to be proud of her body. Offred use to enjoy her body and the things it was able to bring her or do for her. Now, unfortunately, Offred no longer enjoys her body as it no longer serves the same purpose as it used to before she went under the regime of Gilead. Offred has accepted the fact that she no longer servers a purpose other than her body. She is now a cloud where people see right through her. The only purpose her body has is to hold the life of a child in her womb. We can see the importance of gender within Gilead. Men are the light of Gilead. Women would be nothing without the man that stand beside them. Men are in power and women are obedient to their masters.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Gilead, women are taught and brainwashed to believe that any negative thing that happens in relation to sex is their own fault. Women who are infertile of suffer from a miscarriage do not have a disease, instead, they are full of sin. A woman who is raped is not offered sympathy. Janine, a handmaid told her story of being gang raped at the age of 14. Janine learned quickly that she needed to bury and hide the pain she felt from that. But whose fault was it? Aunt Helena says, holding up one plump finger. Her fault, her fault, her fault, we chant in unison. Who led them on? Aunt Helena beams, pleased with us. She did. She did. She did. Why did God allow such a terrible thing to happen? Teach her a lesson. Teach her a lesson. Teach her a lesson (72). A woman who is raped is instilled to believe that it was her fault. Being a victim is not an option. In turn, women are to believe that they were raped for god to teach them some sort of a lesson. Additionall y, the women are not to show empathy to other women because society wants the women to turn on each other. There are no relationships. Women have no sexuality in Gilead. Women have no lust or love towards men or anymore. Women learn to have no empathy. Women are stripped of their dignity and must come to terms with the fact that their sole purpose within this society is to please men.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Handmaids Tale givens insight into women, gender, and sexuality. The society of Gilead is very similar to the societal norms that were experienced in past. Women were confined to the home and had little to no rights. Women could not vote, own property, and their voices were not heard. Men were in powerful positions. Men could vote, hold jobs, and have voice and opinions. In Gilead, men and women are ranked within society and are given more opportunities based on their social class. Women are to be seen rather than heard. The duties of women are to care for the home, children, and their husbands. The sole purpose of a women is to reproduce and to be a slave to their state and husband. Women are stripped of their identity, dignity, and image. Gilead carries on the traditional views of women that were seen in our society. Women within Gilead have accepted the societal norms. Women in Gilead help to enforce the societal norms. The Handmaids Tale paints a very strict idea of women, gender, and sexuality. Today, in society, women, gender, and sexuality have many different meanings. Today, when we think of women, we think of strong, independent, brave, intelligent and much more. Women were and always have been amazing, but it is because we broke out of societal norms that people have come to realize that women are more than they get credit for. In the past, gender defined who someone was like in Gilead. However, today, gender is not a way to define someone and their status in the world. Sexuality was not something women in Gilead could experience because they were stripped of their identity and emotion. Today, women have identity and are not taught to ignore their feelings. Gilead shows how life was before today. Gilead also shows how easily we could slip back into traditional norms. It is important that women continue to fight for their rights. It is important for women to stand their ground and prove that they are more than what society believes they are worth.

Marvel Comics Research Paper - 1053 Words

In October 1939, the world required heroes. Hitler had recently attacked Poland. Britain, France, Australia and New Zealand had proclaimed war. The US remained unbiased – but it was already taking the first steps towards the Manhattan Project and the making of the nuclear bomb. As Nazi Germany s shadow fell over Europe, it appeared the planet was on the edge of demolition. Who might save us? The response hit the newsstands when Timely Publications gave us Marvel Comics #1. Emerging between the usual romance, western and crime magazines that lined the racks, Marvel Comics was an alternate breed. Its cover demonstrated a gigantic orange figure, The Human Torch, melting bullets on his blazing chest. Inside, The Torch was joined by Namor†¦show more content†¦In any case there was, up to this point, one thing that evaded it: Hollywood success. The point when superhero movies first started to overwhelm the box office, from Superman (1978) to Batman (1989), they were all DC titles. Marvel never appeared to have the capacity to keep up, regardless of being purchased by film organization New World Pictures in 1986. Film rights were lashed to studios yet all we got was super-crap as The Punisher (1989) and direct-to-VHS Captain America (1990). At that point came sleeper hit Blade in 1998. The character was basically obscure, didn t even have his own particular comic book, and had been part of Tombs Of Dracula, reviews Arad. However the establishment went ahead to make $1 billion in income and prepared for X-Men (2000). X-men was a massive hit that put the Marvel Cinematic Universe where it is today. Suddenly Marvel Comics were contendors at the movies and the organization even set up its own film division – Marvel Studios – in the in the 90s. With such a rich back list to work with, it was a No-Brainer. Its multi-billion dollar deal with The Walt Disney Company demonstrates exactly how lucrative its characters are to Hollywood. Mouse House CEO Bob Iger depicts Marvel as a Treasure trove that transcends sex, age and geographical barriers. Disney, an organization that based fortunes on making franchises around notable characters, was a great partner. Previous MarvelShow MoreRelatedHercules in Popular Culture1719 Words   |  7 PagesHercules For my research paper I chose to explore and analyze instances of the great Greek/Roman hero, Heracles (Hercules), appearing in popular culture and the effect his myths had on early civilizations. Considered by most to be the greatest of the Greek folk heroes, Hercules was the embodiment of masculinity and physical power. The word â€Å"herculean† literally translates into â€Å"having enormous strength, courage, or size† (dictionary.com.) Since their inception, the myths and legends of HerculesRead More Hasbro, Inc. Essay1704 Words   |  7 PagesSouth Park, are available for PCs, Nintendo, SEGA, and Sony game systems. 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Marketing Umpqua Bank Free Essays

For those and women in business like attire. They don’t expect people to be sitting around drinking coffee and chatting. This may cause them to feel uncomfortable and not want to do business with the bank. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Umpqua Bank or any similar topic only for you Order Now For young people this would be a very attractive environment. They are not used to the days of old; they may like the informal setting and bring in their friends. This area that I have discussed would be part of the subculture too. Young people generally do not like regimen, rules and regulations, and while these remain intact at Umps, they are semi-hidden in this informal appealing environment. Social class would also be a major influence on who â€Å"shops† at Umps. Although in an informal setting that makes people feel welcome, some customers may feel that they are out of their own class and again feel uncomfortable. Another issue that I see, is that I did not see in the video reference to doing business with ethnic groups such as Hispanics. On the website I did not see a link that would take you to a Spanish page. I was not sure when I viewed the videos on the Umps Bank website on what does local look like that I understood the cartoonist message. Bank like you live: the way we see it Premise was better understood as â€Å"We’ve never thought of ourselves as being simply a bank. We’re really more like knowledgeable neighbors, the kind you invite over for a cup of coffee, seek advice from and chat over the fence. And we’re here to help you bank like you live† (Umps. Com). As a consumer of Umps Bank the need recognition is an important factor. It may be as simple as having somewhere to go when you are hungry and tired. Umps Bank offers its guests free coffee and a place to relax and distress. People tell stories about their experience and having a good experience where you bank is a good way to get you coming back. Umps knows that you will likely tell others, and getting referrals from this personal source of information is what that are hoping for. There are banks and there are banks, and Umps is certainly very unique in this regard. I do not know of any other bank that is emulating Umps, so seeking an alternative may be quite difficult. The Umps Bank website is full of information for the consumer. Whether or not the customer makes a decision to â€Å"purchase† or do business with the bank entirely depends on their experience. â€Å"Generally, the consumers purchase 181). Other peoples experience (such as friends) may influence the purchasing session. If they have had a good experience of the bank the chances are that they will be able to make a decision based on that. After the purchase we have to look at the relationship that develops between the customer and the bank (Postprocessor Behavior Marketing an Introduction peg. 181). If good follow up is made by the bank to the customer, then generally the customer will be happy with his decision to â€Å"purchase†. However the opposite is also true. Lack of follow up or seemed unfriendliness may cause the customer to have second thoughts. This negative impact may give rise to complaints and potentially cause mage to the reputation of the bank. Service characteristics include intangibility, inseparability, variability and permissibility. Umps Bank sets itself aside from other banks by providing customers with a sense of quality, not something that can be generally perceived by looking, but rather something that can be felt. The focus of Umps is to have its employees trained in all aspects of the Job and to the same high standards, so that there is no real variability in their standards of service to the customer. The same is true regarding service inseparability. Due to the fact that the customer is present hen the banks services are provided the provider-customer interaction both affect the service outcome. (Marketing: An Introduction peg 250). There may be special offers available for only a limited time which means that when the time has gone the offer is no longer available. This is known as service permissibility. Just how perishable a product or service is depends on how successful it is in its first offering and Just how much demand there is for the product or service being offered. A service provider could either lengthen the shelf life of the product or service if it proves popular, or they may shorten its life if it doesn’t draw many customers. The service profit chain comprises of five links. These are Internal service quality, Satisfied and productive service employees, Greater service value, Satisfied and loyal customers and Healthy service profits and growth. Marketing: An Introduction peg 251). The following is part extract and part my own words from Kettle 13th Edition â€Å"Umps Bank† Umps Bank provides very high standards of customer service, from when the customer enters to when they leave. They are always greeted with a smile and a warm welcome. If they are actually a customer then they will be greeted by name. After the cus tomer’s transaction is complete they get a piece of Umps chocolate. Can sit and drink coffee and if they have their laptop. Use the available free wife. Umps bank wants you to stay. Every employee receives six weeks of off-site training about the banks culture and beliefs and about how the bank operates differently. Placing the employee with the customer rather than them sitting behind a desk makes the customer feel even more welcome. To enjoy what you do as an employee is more important than Just what you do. The design of the bank, even though it looks more like a hotel lobby than a bank, didn’t actually cost them anymore Han if they had invested in a more traditional setting. How to cite Marketing Umpqua Bank, Essays

Domestic Violence Essay Research Paper Although domestic free essay sample

Domestic Violence Essay, Research Paper Although domestic force includes sibling maltreatment and senior maltreatment, and kid maltreatment thefocus of my essay is on partner maltreatment. Domestic force has many names ; household force, banging, married woman whipping, and domestic maltreatment. All these footings refer to the same thing, maltreatment by amarital, common jurisprudence, or a dating spouse in an confidant relationship. Domestic force is notlimited to physical whippings. It is any behavior that is intended to repress and command anotherhuman being through the usage of humiliation, fright, and physical or verbal assaults. Domesticviolence is really of import issue in today # 8217 ; s society because it has such a profound negative affecton the abused, mentally and physically, and more demands to be done to assist the abused andprevent it from go oning farther. Even though Domestic force can be caused by either themale or the female it is normally caused by the male due to their controlling nature and physica ladvantage. History and CausesSince the morning of clip physical force has been used to maintain subsidiary groups in their topographic point bydominant people in society. Work forces have ever been physically larger than adult females and since most societies are male dominated, excessively no surprise the adult female has about ever been the mostcommon victim. In Roman times, a adult male was allowed to disassociate, castigate, or even kill his wifefor criminal conversation, go toing public games, or public inebriation. All of which the hubby wasallowed to freely partake in. During the in-between ages it was mans right to crush his married woman or kill herfor so much as giving her hubby a soiled expression. The first recorded advocators against domesticviolence were two writer by names of Christian Pizan and Mary Wollstonecraft. Even thoughthe issue was being publicized, no action was of all time taken until the 1840 # 8217 ; s when the Americanwomen # 8217 ; s motion brought up the issue w hile contending for the right to vote. No province in the U.Sactually passed a jurisprudence doing married woman crushing illegal until 1883. Although Torahs were passed tomake it illegal, none were purely enforced. Even up until the 1970 # 8217 ; s, married woman whipping was still fairlyacceptable. The constabulary most frequently would go to calls of domestic force but would leavethings to be resolved by the household. This easiness and deficiency of enforcement allowed for thecontinuation of the maltreatment. The 70 # 8217 ; s became a period of protest and alteration for the adult females # 8217 ; srights motion. By the 1980 # 8217 ; s major alterations started to take topographic point. Police no longer ignoredcalls of domestic force and more people were being convicted and punished for offenses ofdomestic force. The credence of domestic force is still seen today. It # 8217 ; s credence isreflected in popular civilization through the look # 8220 ; regulation of pollex # 8221 ; which comes from and oldEnglish regulation that a adult male could crush his married woman with any sensible instrument every bit long as it was nothicker that his pollex. Even in today # 8217 ; s society domestic force is still really common and moreneeds to be done to halt it.Finding the grounds or causes of domestic force is a really hard. There is neer one reasonfor domestic force but it normally begins with a controlling nature and the demand the demand tocontrol one # 8217 ; s partner. It begins with verbal abuses and debasement so over clip escalates intophysical force. The maltreater has normally been involved in domestic force instance # 8217 ; s before.More than probably during child goon. There is normally many different stressors and factors thatcause these built-in or erudite maltreaters to get down the maltreatment ; unemployment, drugs and intoxicant, different spiritual back rounds, low income degrees, and lower instruction degrees and simplydifferent poin ts of view.. None of these factors are non meant to be alibis, they are simplyfactors that come up in domestic force instances clip and clip again.Types of Abuse/Psychology of domestic violenceWhen domestic force occurs there is several different types of maltreatment that take topographic point. The firstis physical force. Physical force includes slapping, kicking, combustion, pluging, choking, locking a individual out of the place, restraining, and other Acts of the Apostless designed to wound, endanger, orcause physical hurting. The 2nd type is emotional maltreatment which consists of systematically making orsaying things to dishonor, abuse, ridicule, embarrass, demean, belittle, or mentally wounded anotherperson. The 3rd type is sexual maltreatment. Sexual maltreatment is when person is forced to hold sex whenhe/she does non desire to. Coercing person to prosecute in sexual Acts of the Apostless that he/she does non wish orfinds unpleasant, awful, or violent. Because some one is married to or has been seeing theirpartner for a long clip does non necessitate that their must hold sexual intercourse with them. Noone type of maltreatment is worse than another and they all have really emotionally damaging effectsWhen it comes to domestic force the most confusing inquiry is why? Most people intoday # 8217 ; s society agree that domestic force is incorrect and think that it should be stopped. Weknow that it is unsafe and emotionally destructive for kids to turn up in a violent home.We know that it is really emotionally destructive to the abused. Most societies have condemned it, we praise the attempts to assist the abused and halt the force but we still wonder why it does notgo away. The first reason is the cycle of violence which can be very hard to break. First tensionbuilds due to stress. The abuser becomes critical, edgy and irritable. The abuser graduallybecomes more abusive and more severe incidents of abuse start to occur. Both parties can sensethe loss of control which only fuels the tension. With the second stage of the cycle comes theviolent outbursts with acute battering. The abuser will fly off into a rage for no apparent reasonand there is total loss of control. The third stage comes after the violence has stopped. Theabuser becomes remorseful and apologetic. They often beg for forgiveness and swear it willnever happen again. They go out of their way to be kind and loving and they swear that they willchange. This phase explains why the abused comes back and lets the abuse cycle begin again.The abused wants to believe the abuser and wants to try and make things work. They are oftenreluctant to leave the abusive relationship because of a feeling of dependancy. The secondreason why this problem does not go away is the abused person’s dependancy on their partnerand their â€Å"learned helplessness†. Learned helplessness is a psychological term first identified bypsychologist Martin Seligman. People who are abused tend to tend to think that there is no wayout because they are so dependant on their partner. They continue to put up with the abuse andlearn ways of dealing to cope with it. The third reason why this problem does not go away isbecause of the history of domestic violence. It has been acted out for thousands of years so thereis still that acceptance and view that it is not a major problem.So what makes an abuser ? Abusers usually share common traits, back round factors, andbehaviour patterns. It has been completely agreed upon that the goal of the abuser is power andcontrol over their partner. These same people usually depend on their partner for emotionalsupport since they are lacking in emotio nal skills. The abuser also tend to conform the stereotypical view of the man and the women. The man goes out and makes the money to support thefamily while women stays home to cook, clean, and look after the kids. These people often havetrouble accepting responsibility for their behaviour abusive and otherwise. They usually feelguilt or shame for their actions but they try to justify or deny their behaviour. It has been foundthat many abusers share the same personality disorders such as lack of empathy, depression,general hostility, and feeling of victimization. They tend to lack social skills and they envelopethemselves with their work and their family. They tend to interpret innocent situations thatarouse their jealousy as having been done with hostile intent. Those who abuse adult partnersoften grew up in homes marred by violence between adults, against children, or both. However,it is important to remember that growing up in a violent home does not guarantee that a personwill b ecome abusive. I think that it is very important to understand and recognize people withabusive personalities so that they can be stopped and treated for what some would call a disease.PreventionMany psychologists believe that teaching our children that violence is inappropriate andteaching them better methods of problem solving, is the first step in ending domestic violence.One of the key components to making the teaching of our children work is leading by exampleby example and setting a positive example. Educating society as a whole also a very importantkey to ending domestic violence. Educating society as a whole is accomplished through changesin public policy and practices. Much tougher laws are needed since most abusers are given a slapon the wrist, it gives them and other people like them, the message that domestic violence is nota major crime and they can get away with it. When communities establish mandatory arrest andprosecution policies, a message is sent from the police a nd the courts that domestic violence is acrime that society will not tolerate. When they join with counseling programs for abusers, themessage will also be that those who want to change will be given a chance.It has been agreed upon by all those trying to end domestic violence that not only the individualabusers, but society itself needs help. Domestic violence is still subtly allowed, even encouragedsome say, by various groups. Our media and entertainment industry still glamorizes and tonesdown the seriousness of domestic violence. There are still police that ignore and trivializedomestic violence. And judges that give weak punishment or simply let the abusers off are allproblems that are plaguing our society and making it more difficult to end domestic violence. Ithink that we are on the right track to ending domestic violence but our effort is just not strongenough. Our message that domestic violence is a crime is not strong enough either. What arethese abusive people supposed to think when they are arrested, given a slap on the wrist, andthen released the next day. My research has opened my eyes and made me aware of what isgoing on and what needs to be done. In the future I will do what is in my power to help get themessage across and prevent it if possible.

Athena Research free essay sample

Athena is the goddess of wisdom and warfare. She is the favorite daughter of Zeus. There are many different versions of how Athena came to be. The most accepted version is that Athena was born a child of Zeus by his first wife, Metis, a goddess of wisdom. Zeus feared that Metis might bear him a son who was mightier than himself, so he swallowed her. According to some stories, Zeus had every right to fear this because Mother Earth had prophesied that Metis first child would be a girl, but her second child would be a boy that would overthrow Zeus as had happened to is father and his grandfather. Zeus took this warning to heart. This is why he swallowed Metis. It is believed that this is where Zeus gained his wisdom. Before swallowing his wife he was said to have had no brains. Little did Zeus know that Metis was already with child. We will write a custom essay sample on Athena Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page While trapped inside Zeus, Metis began to make a helmet and robe for her unborn daughter. All that clanging and pounding caused Zeus to suffer terrible headaches, so he called for his son Hephaestus. Hephaestus split his fathers skull open to relieve the pain, and out popped Athena, fully grown and dressed in her new robe and helmet. The great Athena was the first to teach the science of numbers and all ancient womens arts, such as cooking, weaving and spinning. She was the goddess of wisdom and war, but, unlike the god of war Ares, she took no pleasure from battle, preferring instead to settle conflict through mediation. When Athena was moved to engage in battle she never lost, even against Ares himself, for she was a far superior negotiator than he was. She bears no arms in times of peace and will usually borrow weapons from Zeus when needed. Since she was his favorite daughter and such a mighty warrior, he allowed her to borrow is fearsome Aegis, and his devastating thunderbolts. Indeed Athena was a brave warrior and she was the lone deity to stand her ground when Typhon attacked Olympus. Typhon was the largest, most dangerous, and most grotesque of all creatures. He was so frightening and that when he attacked Mount Olympus all of the gods ran off to Egypt and hid themselves by taking the forms of various animals. Only Athena stood firm, and she shamed and motivated Zeus into action. Zeus struck Typhon with a thunderbolt and used Uranus castrating sickle to wound the enormous creature. Typhon retreated to Mount Casius, where he and Zeus resumed heir struggle, hurling mountains at one another, which resulted in Typhon being crushed beneath what is now known as Mount Aetna. Mount Olympus and the reign of Zeus were saved thanks to Athena. Even though she was as modest as Artemis and Hestia, the other virgin goddesses, Athena was far more generous. A man called Tiresias chanced upon Athena while she was taking a bath and she was startled to realize that he had entered the room and seen her. Not wanting to kill Tiresias for his foolishness, she laid her hands over his eyes and blinded him, but gave him inward sight so that Tiresias became one of the most well-known oracles in Greece. One of the few times that Athena showed irritability was in her weaving contest against the mortal named Arachne. Arachne thought she was the best weaver there Athena felt very disrespected and took on the appearance of an old woman and showed up at Arachnes house to give her some friendly advice to respect the gods. Arachne was too vain to listen and told the old woman to be gone. Let the great Athena try her skill against mine, and if I lose she can do whatever she pleases with me, she boasted. Thats when Athena dropped her disguise and revealed her true identity. All the bystanders fell to their knees in reverence except for Arachne, who was unmoved. The two began their weaving contest, and for a while Arachne held her own against Athena, even poking fun at the gods through the tapestry she crafted, but finally Athena had enough and touched the presumptuous mortal on the forehead, making her feel her shame. Horrified at the realization of her vanity, Arachne ran off and hung herself from a tree. Feeling sorry for the hanging of Arachne, Athena brought her back to life, but so that mortals learn that it doesnt pay to compare themselves to the gods, she changed Arachne into a spider. There she its, her and her descendents, forever weaving their web, testament to the folly of vanity. Athens was named after Athena and she became its protector after a dispute with her uncle, Poseideon, the god of the sea. Both Athena and Poseidon really liked a certain city on the coast of Greece, and both of them claimed ownership. Finally, to solve the dispute, it was agreed that whoever could present the city with the best gift would forever be patron. Athena and Poseidon went to the Acropolis, where Poseidon struck the cliff side with his mighty trident. A spring welled up, which amazed and impressed the citizens. However, the spring was salt ater, so it wasnt really of much use to anyone. Athena then presented the people with a simple olive tree. Although it wasnt as impressive as a spring, it was far more useful, because it presented the people with oil, food, and even wood. In thanks, they named the city Athens. Some people in Greece still worship Athena and pay homage to her at the Acropolis. Athena was the virgin goddess. She was also called Athena Parthenos. Parthenos meant virgin. This is where the Parthenon came from. The Parthenon temple was built to honor the virgin goddess. Although she was a virgin there are stories about her son, Erichthonius. Erichthonius was born of the sperm of Hephaestus, Athenas brother.

Ngo in Mauritius Essay Example

Ngo in Mauritius Essay Example Ngo in Mauritius Essay Ngo in Mauritius Essay LIST OF APPROVED NGOs |S/N |Name |Address |Tel/Fax No |Date of Registration |Registration Number |Contact Person |Field of Activities | | |Action Familiale |Royal Road |Tel: 464 3512 |1964 |Ordinance 1964 |President: Mr J. Sauvages |Promote natural family planning among| | | |Rose-Hill |Fax: 465 1006 | | |Secretary: Mrs Lawrence |couples | | | | |Email: [emailprotected] u | | |Harel |Educate students of primary and | | | | | | | | |secondary school on sound sexuality. | | | | | | | | |Assist couples with unplanned babies. | |Adolescent Non-Formal |1, Celicourt Antelme St, |Tel: 465 1484 / 714 7943 |1/12/2003 |7704 |Mr Bernard |Provide non-formal education to CPE | | |Education Network (ANFEN) |ROSE HILL |Fax: 465 1484 | | |d’Argent |drop-outs across a network of 19 | | | | |Email: [emailprotected] om | | | |centres | | | | | | | | |Provide training for the personal and| | | | | | | |professional development of teachers | | | | | | | | |and volunteers | | | | | | | | |Advocate for social economic | | | | | | | | |integration of school drop-outs | | |African Network for the |Office No. 5 – 1st Floor –|T: 670 7422 |2004 |7898 |Mrs Marie Josee Baudot |Promote Child Rights | | |P rotection and Prevention of |PKL Building – Malartic |F: 676 7422 | | | |Enhance the prevention and protection| | |Child Abuse and Neglect |Street |Email: [emailprotected] u | | | |of children from all forms of | | | | | | | | |discrimination and maltreatment | | |Aid Action |28 Bassin Road |Tel: 736 3107/910 0201 |2006 |9251 |President: Mr Ajay Lachhman |Community Development/Poverty | | | |Auatre-Bornes |Fax: 427 7374 | | |Secretary: Mr Rajcoomar |alleviation | | | | |Email: [emailprotected] mu | | |Ramchurn |HIV/AIDs and Corruption. | | | | | | | | |Advocate for social economic | | | | | | | | |integration of vulnerable groups. | |ALLIANCE FOR CHILDREN |Britannia Park,Vacoas |T/F: 6868603 |12 December 2006 |9636 |Mr Veenace Koonjul |Works for the welfare and rights of | | | | | | | | |children. For the disabled and | | | | | | | | |vulnerable groups. | | |Amnesty International |S. Dhanjee street, |T: 466 3364 |June 1983 |2021 |Mr Lindley Couronne |Advocacy for human rights | | |Mauritius Section (AIMS) |Rose-Hill |M: 912 6827 | | | |Human rights education | | | | |F: 454 8238 | | | |Awareness campaigns on human rights | | |Arc-En-Ciel Disabled Group |Ramchandar Rd, Near |7770142 |2004 |7736 |President:Ms Gridevi |Economic Empowermemt of people with | | | |Basdeo Bissoondoyal | | | |Seegoolam |disabilities | | | |College | | | |Secretary: Ms Rameshwaree |Run a workshop for people with | | | |Central Flacq | | | |Ramputty |disabilities | | | | | | | | |Enhance the quality of life on the | | | | | | | | |handicapped. | | |Association Amour Sans |Former Dispensary, Beau |T: 288-1563 |21st July 1996 |4885 |Mrs. Nicole Maingard |Runs a day care centre for mentally | | |Frontieres |Sejour, Piton |F: 282-0738 | | | |disabled children and adolescents | | |ASSOCIATION AUTREMENT CAPABLE |C/O Mr Joel Kandan, |T: 6277329 |15 January 2002 |6837 |Mr Joel Kandan |runs a day care centre for mentally | | |TOUJOURS JOYEUX |Kandan Lane | | | | |disabled children and adolescents. | | |Mont Fertile | | | | | | | | |New Grove | | | | | | | |Association Civique Midlands |Royal Road |T/F: 664 5580 |2001 |6650 |President: Mr S Chitanand |Work for the welfare of the community| | | |Midlands | | | |Secretary: Mr Seewooruttun |Environmental Health, and sports | | | | | | | | |activities | | |Association de Parents |Morcellement Betzim |T: 4671681/4671398 / |15th December 1970 |930A |Ms Desiree Kong |works for the welfare of mentally | | |d’enfants inadaptee de L’ile |Trianon |4671711 | | | |disabled persons. | |Maurice(APEIM) | |F: 4669490 | | | | | | |ASSOCIATION DES MALADES ET |Opposite RCA S chool |T/F:4139346 |10 April 2001 |2924 |Mrs Alcine Sakir |runs a day care centre for disabled | | |HANDICAPES DE L’EST |Poste de Flacq | | | | |children and adolescents. Promotes | | | | | | | | |the general welfare of the disabled | | | | | | | | |persons. | |Association des Parents |Rue Remono |T: 6746916 |24th August 1990 |3301 |Mrs Cassette |runs a day care centre for mentally | | |D’Enfants aux Besoins Speciaux|Curepipe | | | | |disabled children and adolescents | | |(APEBS) | | | | | | | | |Association des Parents des |16C Bougainville Lane, |T: 6764681 |23rd January 1992 |3658 |Mr A Succaram |runs a specialized school for hearing| | |Deficients Auditifs (APDA) |Curepipe Rd | | | |Mrs. M. Sumun | | | | | | | | | |impaired children. | | |Association des Parents pour |Raoul Rivet (near Murugan|4664748 |7th August 1987 |2748 |Mrs. Josiane Ah Siong |runs a day care centre for severely | | |la Rehabilitation des Infirmes|Temple), Mont Roches | | | | |disabled children and adolescents | | |Moteurs (APRIM) | | | | | | | | |Association Etoile de Mer |71, Route Cotiere |411 5009 |27th October 2003 |7652 |Mrs Christiane Baudot |Training of CPE drop-outs | | | |Roche-Noire | | | | |Literacy and preparation for the | | | | | | | | |workplace | | |Association EXEMP |Avenue Langlois Plaisance|Tel: 701 1110 |2004 |7764 |President: Iqbal Oozeer |Organise activities for the | | | |Rose-Hill |Email: [emailprotected] | | |Secretary: Shirly |rehabilitation of alcoholic and drug | | | | |aquarelle. clothing. com | | |Antonymootoo |addicts and social activities for | | | | | | | | |poor hildren | | |Association Kinouete |Ex-Imprimerie Pere Laval,|T: 217-3484/ 217-3485 |4th September 2003 |7560 | |rehabilitation of ex-detainees | | | |Route Nicolay, Port-Louis|F: 217-3486 | | | |(women)- provide training | | | | | | | | |ac compagnement of creation of | | | | | | | | |micro-business | | |ASSOCIATION OF DISABILITY |Ruisseau Rose |T:2451373 |17 October 2003 |7635 |Mrs P. Ullagen |runs a day care centre for mentally | | |SERVICE PROVIDERS |Village Hall |F: 2450167 | | | |disabled children and adolescents. | | | |Long Mountain | | | | | | | |Association Pere Laval des |Impasse Pere Laval, Route|216-1764 |17th October 1996 |4394 |Mr. Josian Babet |Rehabilitation of ex-detainees | | |Sans Abri-Maison La Passerelle|Nicolay, Port-Louis | | | | | | | |Association Pour l’Education |Dr Bour Street, |T: 670 1943/7736443 |2002 |7154 |President: Mrs Anooradah |Provide free pre-primary education to| | |des Enfants Defavorises |Forest-Side |Email: [emailprotected] com | | |Poorun |200 needy children in Mauritius and | | | | | | | |Secretary: Ms Anju Beechook |60 in Rodrigues | | | | | | | | |Empowerment of women through | | | | | | | | |cultivation medicinal plants in a | | | | | | | | |green house in Chemin Grenier | | | | | | | | |Distribute books and school materials| | | | | | | | |to needy children secondary schools | | | | | | | | Follow up of children under EAP | | | | | | | | |Provision of meal and transport to | | | | | | | | |EAP children | | |Association Pour la Protection|EU CEB, Arcade Rond |T: 725 5378 |2001 |6509 |President: Mr Raj Soodeehul |Human rights for Disabled Health | | |des Droits des Handicapes-APDH|Point, Rose-Hill | | | |Secretary: Ms Patricia |Education | | | | | | |Abellard | | | |Association pour |47, Bougainville, |784 4404/ 212 2701 |23/05/2006 |9268 |Sister Elizabeth Songor |Home and care for street children | | |l’accompagnement, la |Terrasson, Pointe aux | | | | |(boys and girls) | | |rehabilitation et l’insertion |Sables | | | | | | | |Sociale des Enfants | | | | | | | | |Association pour le bien etre |c/o Colonel Maingard |466-4006 |14th June 1983 |2012 |(1) Mrs Chantal Dahoo |This NGO caters for children and | | |des aveugles de lile Maurice |Government School | | | |(Officer-in-Charge) |adolescents with social problems, the| | |(ABAIM) |Colonel Maingard Street | | | |(2) Emmanuel Valeran |blind and partially blind | | | |Beau Bassin | | | |(Secretary) |individuals. The policy of the NGO is| | | | | | | | |based on integration. | | |Association pour le |30 Antelme Avenue |465 0116 |Feb 2007 |9744 |Mr S. Ragoonaden |Protection and conservation of the | | |Developpment Durable |Quatre-Bornes |4929068 | |Mr Chacowry |environment | | | | |248 8583 | | | |environmental education | | |Atelier de Formation Joie de |Royal Rd |Tel:631 9801 |28/06/2001 |6643 |Ms Sylvie Mayer |Training of CPE drop-outs literacy | | |Vivre |Chemin Grenier |Fax:622 8819 | | | |and preparation for the workplace | | |At elier Mo’zar |4, Desperoux Street Roche|7728220 |13th June 07 |9903 |Therese Josee |Placement and training of young | | | |Bois | | | | |musicians | | |Blood Donors Association |c/o Transfusion Service, |T/F: 4277011/ 4244766/ 4240644 |22nd March 1999 |5719 |Mr. Teeluckdharry (2543932) |promotes blood donation | | | |Victoria Hospital, Candos| | | | Mr. Hossen (7560077) | | | |CARITAS ILE MAURICE |1 Rue d’Estaing |T:212 3405/773 7838 |29 November 1970 |926 |Mme Patricia Adele Felicite | « Rehabilitation of the poor and | | | |Port Louis |2122772 | | | |underprivileged  ». | | | |F:2123405 | | | |Community Development Programme; | | | | | | | | |Service d’Ecoute Et de Developpement,| | | | | | | | |ecoles complementaire. | | | | | | | |Agricultural training ( Ferme O’conor| | | | | | | | |at Curepipe and Common Garden at Pte | | | | | | | | |aux Piment) | | | | | | | | |Run 2 Night Shelter and 8 Groupe | | | | | | | | |D’Eveil des tout petits | | | | | | | | |Functional Literacy | | | | | | | | |Life Skills Management programme | | |Centre de Solidarite pour une |Impasse Larcher |T: 464 9980 |1996 |4637 |President: Mr Roger |Run a rehabilitation centre for drugs| | |nouvelle Vie |Rose-Hill |F: 464 33 42 | | |Travailleur |addicts and alcoholics. | | | | |Email: [emailprotected] mu | | |Secretary: Ms Ginette |Provide support to the wives and | | | | | | |Emamally |children of the residents of the | | | | | | | | |centre | | | | | | | | |Organise awareness campaign against | | | | | | | | |Drug Abuse | | |Centre dEducation et de |Beetun Lane |696-7640 |10th April 1985 |2267 |Mrs Rita Venkatasawmy |The target group of the NGO is mainly| | |Development pour les Enfants |Floreal |6965013 | | | |children with disabilities and | | |Mauricien | | | | | |children with social problems. | |(CEDEM) | | | | | | | | |Centre des Dames Mourides |1A Tagore Avenue, |Tel:696 4712 |1993 |4100 |President: Mrs Rahima Fazul |Organise training and skills | | | |Mesnil |Fax: 698 5653 | | |Secretary:Mrs Beekawoo |development programmes for women. | | | |Phoenix |Email: [emailprotected] com | | | |Advocate on Human Rights issues | | | | | | | |mainly gender | | | | | | | | |Provide assistance to n eedy women and| | | | | | | | |children | | |Centre pour lEducation et le |Royal Road, Argy, Flacq |Tel:413-1077/913 2346 |7th June 1996 |4766 |President: Mrs Zama Claudia |Economic empowerment of handicapped | | |Progres des Enfants Handicapes| |Fax: 413 1077 | | |Secretary: Mr. Vijay Kumar |children through training and | | |(CEPEH) | |Email: [emailprotected] om | | |Domun |placement | | | | | | | | |Run a workshop in woodwork, basketry | | | | | | | | |and embroidery for mentally disabled | | | | | | | | |adolescents | | |Century Welfare Association |Kleber Street, Plaine |T/F: 2168080 |27th January 1969 |782 |Mr. Said Sheikh Nissah |Runs a day care centre for severely | | | |Verte | | | | |disabled children and adolescents | | |Chrysalide |Route Royale |452 5509 |18/01/96 |4637 Ms Ursule Ladine |Home caring for women (and their | | | |Bambous | | | | |children) in distress | | |Club Sportive Zanfan Vallee |57 Alma Street |Tel: 242 4969 |2001 |6748 |President: Mr Bassir Ta joo |Organise Social and Sports Activities| | |Pitot |Vallee Pitot |250 7421 | | |Secretary: Mr Nizan |for the Youth | | | |Port-Louis | | | |Nasroollah |Organise house visits and assist the | | | | | | | | |old and needy people | | |Collectif Urgence Toxida |21 bis, Pandit Nehru |Tel: 210 7075 |17/10/2007 |10073 |Ms Nathalie Rose |Prevention and information in the | | | |Street, Port-Louis | | | | |fight against HIV/AIDS | | | | | | | | |Operation of needle exchange | | | | | | | | |programme at community level | | |Comite Bien-Etre Stanley Camp |Ste Anne Road |464 4124 |1999 |5633 |President: Mrs Nicole |Conduct Adult literacy courses | | |Levieux and Trefles |Stanley-Rose-Hill | | | |Beeharry |Organise activities for the welfare | | | | | | |Secretary: Mrs Simi Parsand |of children, vulnerable groups | | | | | | | | |including persons with disabilities | | |Communaute de Partage |L6, Jules Koenig |Tel: 454 4676 |2005 |8813 |President:Gilda Bhoyroo |Provide assistance to p oor people and| | | |Beau-Bassin | | | |Secretary:Ms Chistelle |persons with disabilities | | | | | | | |Lebrasse |financial assistance to children | | | | | | | | |inoperable in Mauritius | | |Destiny Community Foundation |La Croisee |Tel: 292 9822 |2007 |9681 |President:Mr JI Paul Chenney|Organise remedial classes for | | | |Royal Road-Plaine Magnien|Fax: 637 4354 | | |Secretary: Ms Vanessa |underprivileged children and provide | | | | |Email: [emailprotected] com | | |Dassiya |social assistance to elderly people | | |Diabetes Parents Support Group|Boodhram Street, |Tel: 291 4106 |2006 |9249 |President: Mrs Sumookhee |Provide education to children and | | | |Mont Roches |911 6737 | | |Balloo |adolescents living with diabetes and | | | Beau-Bassin | | | |Secretary:Ms Jacqueline |empower them to manage their disease | | |Dr Idrice Goomany Centre for |Sir Edgar Laurent |Tel: 242 3016 |1988 |2918 |President:Mr Imran Dhannoo |Organise vocational training and | | |the prevention and treatment |St-Port-Louis |F: 242 6098 | | |Secretary:Mr Norman |other activities to address the | | |of Alcoholism and Drug Addicts| |Email: [emailprotected] intnet. u | | |Tambanivoul |problem of the feminasation of the | | | | | | | | |HIV/AIDS pandemic | | | | | | | | |Provide treatment to IDUs and | | | | | | | | |alcoholics | | |Eastern Welfare Association |La Lucie Building, Bel |419-2578 |1st August 1996 |4823 |Mrs. Bindiya Sambal |Runs a day care centre for mentally | | |for the Disabled |Air Riviere Seche | | | | |disabled children and adolescents | | |EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT YOUTH |442 State Land, |T:5080904 |24 December 1997 |5268 |Mr Youssouf Noormamode |Welfare of epileptic persons. | | |CONSULTANCY SERVICES (EDYCS) |Boulevard Rivaltz, |F: 2131733 | | | |To guide and provide | | | |Port Louis |M: 7622691 | | | |medication/consultation to epileptic | | | | | | | | |people. | |Entreprendre au Feminin Ocean |Centre Boyen de la |790 0083 |28 Nov 2002 |7270 |ARANDIN Jivelle |Provides mentoring services for SME | | |Indien (EFOI) |Girofay | | | | | | | | |Route du Club | | | | | | | | |Vacoas | | | | | | | |Environment Care Association |51 Royal Rd |T/F: 233 4237 |2006 |9652 |President:Mr Poorundeo |Organise sensitization programmes | | | |Coromandel |Email: [emailprotected] om | | |Ramgoolam |through 300 talks delivered in | | | | | | | |Secretary:Mr Ally Busawon |primary school on climat e change and | | | | | | | | |sorting of waste. | | |Environmental Protection |75 Chevreau Lane Calodyne|Tel: 288 2423/763 3195 |1988 |3021 |President:Mr Keshwar B. |Organise awareness activities on | | | Organisation |Grand Gaube |Fax: 288 2423 | | |Panray |environmental issues such as climate | | |-EPCO | |Email: [emailprotected] u | | |Secretary:Mr Raj Muni Reddi |change, biodiversity and | | | | | | | | |reconstruction of artificial reef | | |Falcon Citizen League |Royal Road Bois Pignolet |Tel: 249 8976 |2004 |7770 |President:Mr Gunsham |Provide training in agriculture to | | | |Terre-Rouge |Fax: 211 7636 | | |Seeborun |unemployed persons and encourage them| | | | |Email: [emailprotected] com | | |Secretary: Mr L. Kasur |to launch their greenhouse. | | | | | | | |Provide training in catering to young| | | | | | | | |persons | | |Fellowship First Aiders |Old Moka Road, Rose-Hill |Tel: 466 4251 |1999 |5810 |President:Mr D. Grandport |Health- First Aid treatment | | | | |Fax: 465 6386 | | |Secretary:Mr Prakash Dhooky | | | | | |Email: [emailprotected] u | | | | | | |Flacq Disabled Centre |Opposite Auguste Voltaire|413-0897 |14th May 1999 |5836 |(1) Mrs V. Aukhey |The Association runs a day Care | | | |Stadium, Flacq | | | |(President) |Centre for physically and or mentally| | | | | | | |(2) Baboa Dhaneshwar |retarded persons. Basic academic | | | | | | | |(Secretary) |classes and workshops on woodwork, | | | | | | | | |basketry and embroidery are also | | | | | | | | |provided to the beneficiaries. | | |Fleurita Women Association |Corner Drapeur Avenue |Tel: 793-3477 |1999 |6019 |President:Ms Rita Ramdin |Empower women through training in IT,| | | |St Jean Rd |Fax: 467 5358 | | |Secretary:Mrs Vimla Motah |handicraft etc.. | | | |Quatre-Bornes |Email: [emailprotected] om | | | | | | |FONDATION GEORGES CHARLES |16 Royal Road |T:2345415 |23 June 1986 |2440 |Mr Jac Falzara |Caters for the welfare of mentally | | | |Pointe aux Sables | | | |Mrs Margaret Zamudio |retarded persons. | | |Fondation pour LEnfance, |Camp Creole, Albion |2384196 2383170 |6th June 1989 |3106 |Mr. Alain Muneean |welfare of poor /abandoned children, | | |Terre de Paix | | | | |And Mrs. Patricia Yue |empowering the poor and vulnerable | | | | | | | | |people in the region of Albion | | |Foyer Vivre Debout |2 Charles Cheron St, Eau |670 5898 |1982 |1883 |President:Mrs Jouahnie |Provide care to persons with | | | |Coulee Curepipe | | | |Gontran |disabilities in a home and day care | | | | | | | |Secretary:Mrs M. Lourdes |centre run by the association. | | | | | | |Gerard |Organise activities to enhance the | | | | | | | | |quality of life of the disabled. | | | | | | | | |Run a workshop | | |Fraternite Mauricienne des |175, Royal Road, GRNW, |T:2123549 |13th Septembre 1979 |1527 |Mr. Jacques Kim Lee |runs a day care centre for disabled | | |Malades et Handicapes (FMMH) |Port Louis | | | | |children and adolescents | | |Friends in Hope |Goburdhun Lane, Avenue |427-4067 |22nd August 1997 |5139 |(1) Mrs Martine Neveu |The NGO runs a rehabilitation centre | | | |Sookdeo Bissoondoyal |4271870 | | |(Secretary) |for persons suffering from mental | | | |Bonne Terre | | | |(2) Mrs St Mart (Centre |illness. | | |Vacoas | | | |Manager) | | | |Group Elan |Rte Nicolay |Tel: 686 9436 |2002 |7229 |President:Mr Lindsay Aza |Implement sensitization programmes | | | |Port-Louis |Fax: 686 9542 | | |Secretary:Mr Mahen Neeliah |with prisoners, exdetainees and | | | | |Email: [emailprotected] mu | | | |family members of prisoners and | | | | | | | | |facilitate their reinsertion. | | | | | | | |Provide support to ex-drug addicts | | |Human Service Trust |Krishnanand seva ashram |Tel: 248 9651/ 249 1873 | |Act 52 of 1984 |President:Mr P. Boojhawon |Provide support and care to the | | | |Calebasses |Fax: 248 9025 | | |Secretary:Mr N. Bauhadoor |elderly in the Asram managed by the | | | |Pamplemousses |Email: [emailprotected] mu | | | |organization | | | | | | | |Organise and Participate in | | | | | | | | |socio-cultural activities. | | | | | | | | |Organise educational activities to | | | | | | | | |the youth. | | |Islamic Centre for Disabled |Bathurst Street, Port |T:2409815 F:2437145 |1st February 1999 |5646 |President: Mrs. Salima |runs a day care centre for disabled | | |Children Canal |Louis | | | |Allemudar |children and adolescents | | |Laveture Technical School for |Shivala |Tel: 418 2988 |2005 |8842 |President:Mr Laldeo Ancharug|Provide educational and training to | | |Disabled |Road Laventure |765 6865 | | |Secretary:Mr Yogesh Ancharug|disabled children to enhance their | | | | | | | | |social integration. | | | | | | | | |Organise sports and leisure | | | | | | | | |activities for the disabled. | |Leonard Cheshire Mauritius |Perrefonds |Tel: 427 4141 | |Act of Parliament 1965 |President:Mrs Ginette Lan |Provide residential care and medical | | | |Palma-Quatre-Bornes |FaxL 427 8626 | | |Yee |services to old persons in their | | | | |Email: [emailprotected] mu | | |Chiu |Homes at Tamarin and Palma. | | | | | | |Secretary:Mrs Marilyn Harel |Advocate for the improvement of | | | | | | | | |accessible health services | | |Link to Life |13 Britannia Park |Tel: 6860666 |2003 |7668 |President:M r Shashi Desai |Promote public awareness on the | | | |Vacoas |Fax: 686 0666 | | |Secretary:Mr Mooten |Prevention of Cancer | | | | |Email: [emailprotected] u | | |Kamlanaden Vella |Provide Counseling, support and care | | | | | | | | |to people suffering from cancer, | | | | | | | | |members of the family and caregivers. | | |LIZIE DAN LA MAIN |Pasteur Street |T: 6751777 |26th August 1983 |2036 |Mr Reynolds Permal |Works for the welfare of the blind. | | | |Forest Side |F: 6702676 | | | | | |Lois Lagesse Trust Fund |101, Colonel Maignard |454-3253 |   |Incorporated under the |President:Mr Retnon |(1) The Association runs specialised | | | |Street |465-9961 | |Lois Lagesse Trust Fund |Pyneeandee |schools (pre-primary and primary) to | | | |Beau Bassin |Email: l. [emailprotected] mu | |Act | |visually impaired children. | | | | | | | |Secretary:Mrs L. Jumnoodoo |(2) The NGO also have a workshop | | | | | | | | |where rattan baskets are made. | | | | | | | |(3) LLTF runs a home for blind | | | | | | | | |elderly people who have been rejected| | | | | | | | |by their families. | |LUPUS Alert |E111 Clos Verger |Tel: 464 8276 |2000 |6097 |President:Mrs B. Vankatasamy|Provide support to persons suffering | | | |Rose-Hill |Fax: 464 8276 | | |Secretary:Ms Rabia Yerally |from lupus | | | | |Email: [emailprotected] com | | | |Promote awareness of lupus and its | | | | | | | |impact on sufferes | | | | | | | | |Operate a Drop-in documentation | | | | | | | | |Centre/library | | |Magic Fingers Association |14, Labourdonnais Street |T: 755 4147 |13th June 2007 |9902 |Mr Ramanjooloo |Specialised in patchwork; MFA is | | |(MFA) | | | | | |providing training to women of SPUW | | |MAISON FAMILIALE RURALE DU |Balisage Road Calebasses |T:5431021 |29 January 1997 |4980 |Mr Raj Jatoo |welfare of the CPE school drop outs. | |NORD |Branch Road |M:7326076 | | | |Helps to integrate the school drop | | | |Calebasses |F: 2437145 | | | |outs in the working environment | | | | | | | | |through acquisition of knowledge and | | | | | | | | |hands on experience. | | |Mauritian Organisation on |88 Raoul Rivet Street |Tel: 775 1507 |2006 |9421 |President:Mr Ravind Lahootun|Organise parent outreach

Sweeney Todd Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sweeney Todd - Essay Example The first and the second scenes have a musical effect that gives more information on the life of Sweeny and how the activities that happen around him have shaped his life. Music is used to build emotions and create an interaction between the audience and the characters (Wheeler). In the first scene, the music played in the background; â€Å"No Place like London† depicts London as an amazing place, and makes the audience keen to learn more about the city. The events that take place show the transition from one city to the other. Sweeny Todd and his companion Anthony are coming back to London after being away for such a time. Anthony is genuinely happy but Todd does not seem enthusiastic. The music played describes London and sets the mood of the play. Wooten in his book ‘The Music Lesson’ suggests that there is a connection between music and the audience (30). Music helps to create the overall mood of the play and bring a connection with the audience. This relation is important in capturing the attention of the audience. The next scene features Anthony, a character in the play, walking down the lane. He is captivated by the exquisite blonde woman singing through the window. She is singing to the caged birds and wonders why they are caged and yet they sing so happily. The song ‘Green Finch and Linnet Bird’ attracts Anthony and he develops interest in the woman and wants to rescue her. According to the book ‘This is your Brain on Music’, the author, Daniel Levitin opines that there is a strong psychological relationship between music and the people who relate to it (40). In this case, the music sang by Todd’s daughter captivated the young gentleman and he made plans to woo her. Music speaks to the heart and affects the way people think and reason. The scenes use music to depict the effect that it has in the play. Music is a powerful tool in literature. It helps to create moods, themes, attitudes and emotions. A combination of the

Globalisation is not a new process. Discuss Essay

Globalisation is not a new process. Discuss - Essay Example The process of globalisation depends on trade and financial flows that have the potential to bind different economies of the world. Additionally, the advancements in information technology and mass media also contributed equally in reducing the barriers persisting amid different nations (Warrier & Wunderlich, n.d.). According to the report of UNESCO (2010), globalisation is not a new procedure, as it existed since the commencement of the Second World War that not only restricted economic development but also affected the people living in then respective societies. Globalisation has become one of the critical issues in the 21st century because of the increased level of technological advancements. From an economic perspective, globalisation has the potential to bring change in the world by ways of promoting free trade, maximising the flow of capital between nations and augmenting the extent of investments. The improved relations between several countries thus facilitated economic growt h, as new markets have been developed and increased their scope of maintaining long-term sustainability due to the procedure of globalisation (Mrak, 2000; Warrier & Wunderlich, n.d.). In relation to the above context, the essay intends to discuss critically globalisation to be not a new process in this contemporary era. The process of globalisation can be related to making wide interactions amid various individuals and nations. The process not only affects international trade but also makes extensive impact on the investment level and other related elements that have the potential to develop an economy. The process of globalisation is not new because people are engaged in trade and other allied activities since past centuries. The buying and selling of goods is such a process, which has already existed from past several years. For instance, the existence of the Silk Road that connected Europe, China and other Asian nations indicates the

The Broadway show Chicago Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Broadway show Chicago - Personal Statement Example The most exhilarating shows in Chicago's lively Downtown Theater District contributed significantly to my appreciation of the aesthetic experience of the mind and the stages of the Ford Center for the Performing Arts/Oriental Theatre, the Cadillac Palace Theatre, the Bank of America Theatre, the Auditorium Theatre and the Drury Lane Theatre Water Tower Place are some of the most notable stages that brought to my mind a really high opinion about stage show Chicago. The Addams Family and Jersey Boys are two of the most incredible shows in the Broadway show in Chicago. Significantly, the former is a splendid new show created by Jersey Boys authors Marshall Brickman and Rick Elice at the Oriental Theater, Ford Center, while the latter is a multi-award winning show. "The weird and wonderful family created by cartoonist Charles Addams comes to devilishly delightful life in a new Broadway Musical The Addams Family Jersey Boys, the mutli-award winning Broadway show about the rise to fame of Frankie Valli & the Four Seasons is breaking box office records at the Bank of America Theater in Chicago." (The Best Shows in Chicago) Therefore, my experience in the Broadway show in Chicago has given me an essential opportunity to understand and appreciate aesthetic value of the stage show in Chicago, in which I realized the importance of costume, dance, choreography, musical elements of the show. It is fundamental to note that the Broadway show in Chicago is an absolute beauty, incorporating dance, choreography, music, performances, etc. and the various stages in the show bring before the audience a memorable experience that no one ever forget all through his life. One of the main attractions of the shows here is the costumes used for various performances, dance programs, and musical shows. Significantly, Broadway costumes offer accuracy and professionalism to any performance staged in Chicago. The great wealth of theatrical costumes enhances the beauty of every show presented here, and I was particularly attracted to the theatrical costumes of the Pirates of Penzance and Phantom of the Opera. Another fundamental attraction of the Broadway show in Chicago is, undoubtedly, the pulse-racing revival of the musical 'Chicago' which also incorporates some of the sexiest and most sophisticated dancing on Broadway show. As Ben Brantley maintains, "this new incarnation, directed by Wa lter Bobbie and choreographed by Ann Reinking (who also stars), makes an exhilarating case both for 'Chicago' as a musical for the ages and for the essential legacy of Fosse, whose ghost has never been livelier than it is here." (Brantley) Therefore, the costumes, musical, dancing, and choreography in the Broadway show in Chicago attract a number of theatre-goers today. The Broadway show in Chicago has offered me a great opportunity to recognize my ability to appreciate aesthetic elements of every artistic form. The costumes of the show attracted me very much and the dancers and choreographers seemed amazing to me. Significantly, the stage show in Chicago helped me in realizing the excitement of Chicago tourism and every show I witnessed here will live in my loveliest memories all through my life. The striking revival of Chicago musical and dancing reminded me of the glorious days of the show.

Nature conservation: Management plan for Padworth Common

Nature conservation: Management plan for Padworth Common Nature conservation: Management plan for Padworth Common (Dartford Warbler). Overall Summary of management plan: Policy statement and Background Preamble: Padworth common nature reserve was previously owned by the west Berkshire county council. But in 2005 the land manamgement was acquired by the Buckinghamshire, and Oxford Wildlife Trust (BBOWT) in 2005 (Fort, 2013). The Main overall policy for this land is â€Å"to Ensure these sites continue to thrive both in terms of their significant wildlife interest and for the many local people who regularly use and enjoy them†. This was a statement given by the west Berkshire executive member for the environment Councillor Hilary Cole (Fort, 2013). Description Pathworth common is located between Aldermaston and Burghfield Common about 9 miles outside the city of reading (Jeffery, 2004). The land is currently owned by The West Berkshire County Council, as said before it is now managed but BBOWT since 2005 (Jeffery, 2004). The land is 30ha of open wet, dry and humid lowland heath with small sections of oak woodland, there is also a few large seasonal ponds and one that is permanently filled (Wallington, 2013). The Boundaries of Padworth common are to the south a privately owned field that and a sand and gravel quarry. And to the north east and the boundaries are defined by Old warren and Hatch farm. The western boundry is defined the small hamlet of Padworth Common. Management and infrastructure For the management for a lowland heath area like padworth common, there needs to be a set of objectives crucial to the infrastructure of the scheme to manage the whole area and the all the individual features in it. The first is a very generalised objective and covers as many of the features benefits in one goal this is to encourage the restoration and health of lowland heathland to retain the ecological value of Padworth heath (Westcombe, n.d.). The other three objectives are more constrained in the features that they benefit. The first is the have grazing at the site to monitor and manage the growth of the heath, This will majorly benefit the ground nesting birds like the nightjar. The second plan is to have regulations and management for the public and the nightjar population to reduce disturbance, this is primarily aimed and nightjars and nesting birds to minimise disturbance and help promote nest production (Westcombe, n.d.). Finally the 3rd management project is the control the spread and removing strands of bracken, this is to reduce competition with the local heathland plants and improve the biodiversity of the plant life in the area. The legal constraints for this area is that Lowland heathland areas all over Britain are under the protection of the wildlife and countryside act of 1981 and is notified as SSSI (Westcombe, n.d.). Compartments or zones The area of Padworth common is divided into 3 different zones; Open heathland, oak forest and seasonal/permanent ponds; Open heathland are open landscapes commonly dominated by heathers, gorse and has a few sliver birch tress spaced in the area. There are 3 different types of heath dependent on their soil moisture content wet heath occur on high water tables, dry heath is abundant in free draining soils. Heath is important for over 5000 invertebrates that are crucial to the food chain of this ecosystem (Countryside Info, n.d.). Oak woodland is a broad leaf woodland highly occupied by English oak, sessile oak or hybrids between the two. The oak woodland is highly established woodland as a resource basis for building and fuel. The oak woodland is also a representation of the climax vegetation in the southwest of Britain where Padworth common is located (North Dervon Government, n.d.). The seasonal pounds can support a vital ecosystem for many specialised pond species. This coupled with that a large number of rare species has been linked with the seasonal pond which makes these one of the highest management aims of Padworth common (The Ponds Conservation Trust, n.d.). Enviromental information The physical aspects of the heath are that it is a mosaic of wet damp and dry habitats. The type of habitat is found on poor acidic soils in wet mild climates below 300m of altitude. Th biological features of this site are the many species that the heathland can accomidate from the greyling butterfly to the rare great crested newt (English Nature, 2002). This is due to the many niches available for the animals to occupy; the seasonal pounds are a rich source of nuitrients and support many rare species. The open heath which is occupied by many ground nesting birds such as the nightjar. The gorse bushes are used by the Dartford warbler to build nest and protect themselves from predation (English Nature, 2002). Culturally lowland heath has been an important part to human agriculture for thousands of years. The Mesolithic played a great part in the expansion of the lowland heath habitat by cutting down great swathes of the woodland landscape for building material and fuels. This mass cut ting of woodland had impoverished the soil but this has and a positive effect on heather ground and promotes the growth of lowland heathland (English Nature, 2002). Up until the 20th century heathland has been used in a wide range of agricultural processes such as fodder and fuel (English Nature, 2002). Vision Description of site The Padworth common nature reserve is split into two half’s divied by Bowughugrst Road. The heathland is located in the centre of each area while the Oakland is defines the boundaries of the nature reserve. The pounds are locates towards the south west corner of the southern half of the reserve. Conformation and evaluation of features Pathworth has many features and species that make this a site of National importance. Species such as the nightjar, the Dartford warbler and the Grayling butterflies (Wallington, 2013). Each of these will have a certain factors that can affect the species success and survival such as; the road that passes through the reserve, the seasonal ponds, and the growth of bracken. This plan focuses on the Dartford warbler and the key features that effect these are gorse coverage and heathland health (RSPB, 2014). The management of this species is desperately needed due to the harsh winters that have been occurring recently and that there are only1-2 breeding pairs in pad worth (Defra, n.d.). for this species to thrive and stabilise and even increase in population size drastic action is needed to preserve this native bird species. The Dartford warbler (Sylvia undata) Factors Effecting the Dartford warbler There at many factors that affects the breeding success and survival rates of the Dartford warbler. The main 2 factors are the amount of gorse in an area, disturbance and Availability of food. Gorse has a huge effect on the Dartford warbler; this is due to the warbler uses the gorse as nesting material. This is because the benefits it has as protection from predators by being a heavy dense shrub and makes its hard from predators to access (RSPB, 2012). Disturbance has been shown in recent study to majorly effect warbler fecundity. A study has shown that if 13-16 people walk through a heathland area within an hour this can seriously disrupt the breeding patterns of birds and will prevent multiple broods of warblers (Murison, et al., 2007). Objectives for the feature: The objectives laid out for this management plan are in priority order; The main objective for this animal is to maintain the already stable population in the management site of Padworth common. If at all possible our secondary objective is to even increase the number of breeding pairs in Padworth common from 2 breeding pairs to 4. The thirds and least priority objective is that if we can get successful breeding pairs to Padworth we could then export the juveniles into other areas to increase the number of breeding pairs in other heathland habitats. Current condition of feature: The current condition of the Dartford warbler in Europe is that there are 2,025,546-3,635,791 breeding pairs. 75% of the breeding pairs are thought to be breeding in spain. The population is general stable in Europe (Defra, n.d.). There are certain areas of Spain where the Dartford warbler has been seen in a sustained decline since the 1970’s. Fluctuations are not uncommon in this bird (Defra, n.d.). The current condition of the bird internationally is near threatened according to the IUCN red list. (IUCN, 2012) Nationally this bird has been awarded an amber status under the RSPB classification system (RSPB, 2014). The main population of the warbler are in the south and south west of Britain, with a small population in the south east of Britain (RSPB, 2014). The last estimated minimum of breeding pairs in the UK is 1,600-1,890 (Defra, n.d.). Monitoring projects: To monitor the bird populations there are two ways in which this can be done; The first is to let the public and volunteers are able to monitor the birds this can be accomplished through education and a growing interest in the local bird populations. The main disadvantage to this method is that this may increase disturbance of the birds. Key sites can be pinpointed which can be monitored by the park wardens and wildlife trust employee’s this will reduce the amount of disturbance to the breeding birds and still achieve rewarding results. The only flaw with this method is if the bird numbers become higher it may be hard to identify all the birds. Management projects: These are the four management project that will be used to help increase and stabilise the population of the Dartford warbler. Introducing grazing, this is active grazing of livestock on the heathland areas to stop the overgrowth of a particular plant species. Coppicing, this is the cutting of the old parts of gorse to promote new regrowth promoting healthier and denser shrubs. Tree felling, this is done by hand (chainsaw) and the roots dug up to stop the regrowth of the trees. The logs will then be burnt or sold to companies. Bracken removal, this can be done by spraying herbicide on the infected areas thus eradicating of the plant. This is typically done in the summer months due to the plant being at maximum growth. A timetable showing the priority and timescale of projects; Justification of project: The Justification of these methods is as follows; Introduced grazing, this helps promote and uneven ages (mosaic) of the heathland. This maximises the biodiversity of the area due to many species requiring different ages of bracken to survive. This is ideal for the Dartford warbler for its food supply of invertebrates which need the heather for their survival (Hampshire County Council, 2011). Coppicing, this promoted regrowth of the older gorse. Typically the Dartford warbler prefers younger gorse, this is because it is much denser and provide more camouflage and protection of the nest site from predators. Therefore the coppicing of older dead parts of the plant promotes these parts to grow back into thick Bracken which the Dartford warbler needs for nesting (Hampshire County Council, 2011). Tree felling, the felling of trees such as birch helps the regrowth of the open heathland which is advantageous to many species such as the Dartford warbler. The warbler needs these open spaces of heath to be able to catch the invertebrates and feed (Hampshire County Council, 2011). Bracken removal, this is crucial in the survival of any woodland. The dense mate cause by this plant will shade out any other plants. So in vast numbers this is very detrimental to the whole heathland ecosystem. With control and management this increases the biodiversity of the area allowing other plant life to thrive (Hampshire County Council, 2011). Works Cited Berkshire Heathland, 1998. Berkshire Heathland Biodiversity Action Plan, s.l.: s.n. Countryside Info, n.d. What Is Heathland?. [Online] Available at: http://www.countrysideinfo.co.uk/whatis.htm [Accessed 10 3 2014]. English Nature, 2002. Lowland Heathland A Cultural And Endangerd Landscape, Peterborough: English Nature. Fort, L., 2013. Get Reading. [Online] Available at: http://www.getreading.co.uk/news/local-news/wildlife-trust-set-run-west-4189279 [Accessed 10 3 2014]. IUCN, 2012. IUCN redlist (Dartford Warbler). [Online] Available at: http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22716984/0 [Accessed 10 3 2014]. Jeffery, O., 2004. Padworth Common Proposed Local Nature Reserve. s.l., s.n. Murison, G. et al., 2007. Habitat type determines the effects of disturbance on the breeding productivity of the dartford warbler Sylvia undata. Ibis, Volume 149, pp. 16-26. North Dervon Government, n.d. Oak Woodland. [Online] Available at: http://www.northdevon.gov.uk/oak_woodland.pdf [Accessed 10 3 2014]. RSPB, 2012. RSPB (Gorse). [Online] Available at: http://www.rspb.org.uk/ourwork/conservation/advice/gorse/index.aspx [Accessed 10 3 2014]. RSPB, 2014. RSPB (Dartford Warbler). [Online] Available at: http://www.rspb.org.uk/wildlife/birdguide/name/d/dartfordwarbler/ [Accessed 10 3 2014]. The Ponds Conservation Trust, n.d. Good Wilflife Ponds. [Online] Available at: http://www.sussexotters.org/pdf/Good wildlife ponds.pdf [Accessed 10 3 2014]. Wallington, A., 2013. Natural England. [Online] [Accessed 10 3 2014]. Westcombe, n.d. Management Of Environmental Features Specific Options, Prescriptions And Indicators Of Success, s.l.: s.n. Millennium Development Goals and Poverty Reduction: Nigeria Millennium Development Goals and Poverty Reduction: Nigeria Introduction Background to the Study This study attempt to examine the impact of the Millennium Development Goals and Poverty Reduction in Nigeria using with a case study of Ado-Odo Ota, local government area, Ogun state, Nigeria. The issue of poverty in Nigeria has remained a major threat to the nation’s social, political and economic development. Every nation whether it is developed or less developed country contains elements that are poor. Nigeria has a population of more than 160 million – the largest in Africa – and a fast-growing economy. Despite Nigeria’s plentiful agricultural resources and oil wealth, poverty is widespread in the country and has increased since the late 1990s. Some 70 per cent of Nigerians live on less than US$1.25 a day. Poverty has become a feature of the living conditions and life situation of the vast majority of Nigerians. According to Babatunde et al (2008), Poverty has been viewed to be a global phenomenon but the level of this dilemma in developing countries has gotten to an alarming proportion. Internationally, about 1.2 billion people are living in extreme poverty less than one dollar per day and therefore due to the high predominance of poverty, reducing it has been of grave concern to many countries in the past few decades. Though, there have been a lot of improvements in the developed world, such cannot be said of developing ones especially in the Sub-Sahara Africa where poverty is prevalent due to many factors such as corruption, mismanagement of resources, poor programme implementation, poor governance and political instability, poor economic management and lack of purposive leadership. According to Ukpong (1996), (cited in Obadan, 1996) explained that poverty has earned identification in the extent of its ravaging society and the affairs of humanity at the international, national and local levels. The need exists now for urgent actions towards its reduction and control. Therefore, poverty is a snare and it is dehumanizing. In other words, judging from what Ukpong explained poverty to be, it will be ideal if poverty can be eradicated. According to Anyanwu (1997), Poverty has become a major cause of concern to academic, analysts, governmental, non-governmental organizations and international agencies. Poverty is multidimensional; it includes various alienations and deprivations such as: lack of human capabilities, poor life expectancy, poor maternal health, illiteracy, poor nutritional levels, poor access to safe drinking water and perceptions of well-being However, the (World Bank Report, 1999), has described that issues in Poverty now include: physiological and social deprivations, vulnerability, inequality, violation of basic human rights. (Zupi, 2007), also added that the observable disadvantage in relation to the local community or the wider society or nation to which a deprived individual, family, household or group belongs is an issue in poverty. In an attempt to salvage the situation, in September 2000, 189 World leaders millennium summit and committed themselves and their countries to 8 goals known as The Millennium Development goals (MDG’s) aimed at meeting the needs of the World’s poorest people. The Millennium Development goals have been regarded as the universal remedy of issues of underdevelopment. These goals were created under the leadership of Ban Ki-Moon (the Secretary General of the United Nations) through the UN to tackle issues seen to be holding back developing nations. It was adopted by 189 countries and signed by 174 heads of state and government. (UNDP, 2005) Ban Ki-Moon (2009), laid more emphasis on this in his report entitled, â€Å"A road map towards the implementation of the United Nations Millennium Declaration†. In the words of Ban Ki-Moon, The world leaders set far sighted goals to free a major portion of humanity from the shackles of extreme poverty, hunger, illiteracy and disease. They established targets for achieving gender equality and the empowerment of women, environmental stability and a global partnership for development. In short, they adopted a blue print for a better world and pledged to spare no effort in fulfilling that vision (Ki-Moon, 2009). The MDG’s are listed plans by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) committee on how the underdeveloped or developing countries can enhance their level of development in different socio-economic areas. The MDG’s are: Goal 1- Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Goal 2- Promote gender equality and empower women Goal 3- Achieve a Universal primary education Goal 4- Reduce child mortality Goal 5-Improve Maternal Health Goal 6-Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases Goal 7-Ensure environmental stability Goal 8- Develop a global partnership The first goal of the United Nations Millennium development Goals is to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger with Target 1 being to halve, between 1990 and 2015 the proportion of people whose income is less than $1 per day: and Target 2 being to halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger (Sachs, 2005:72) Since, poverty as the number 1 goal of the MDG’s shows an alarm in both national and the global world. According to Yinka (2003), the UN Development Programme Human development report scored the Nigerian government low on its efforts to combat poverty and pursue meaningful growth in the human development index. The report states Nigeria is among fifty countries with the lowest human development index and the 54th among 94 other developing countries where human income poverty level remains the highest. Odeyale (2005) explained that in Nigeria, about 36% or 44.3 million of the total 160 million populations are found in the major cities. The rapid growth of the Nigerians cities is characterized by ever increasing population (due to rural urban migration) over stressed infrastructure (such as dilapidated roads, frequent power outage, poor water supply), sub-standard living condition (in ghettos, slum and over-crowded houses), high crime rate. Put differently, it can be described that the growth of population in Nigeria is always on the increase and the availability of defaulted infrastructures and low standard of living which in turn lead to low crime rate. To this end, this study becomes inevitable so as to access the impact of millennium development goals to poverty reduction in Nigeria. Statement of the Problem Different scholars have argued about the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals by 2015 particularly in Nigeria. While some scholars have argued that it can be achieved before the set target date of 2015, some have argued against the possibility of its achievement. The Millennium Development Goals were goals structured and formulated by the United Nations in the year 2000 to help bridge the gap between the Global North and the Global South. These goals however, were supposed to be of a positive influence to the less developed countries especially in the area of eradicating poverty. However, it has been observed that some of the developing countries are still lagging behind especially in the area of poverty reduction; Nigeria has been observed to be a country of plenty yet is still beset with the problem of poverty. What therefore can be said of other underdeveloped countries in Africa? The United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon is of the view that the Millennium Development Goals embody basic human rights such as the right of each person to health, education, shelter and security. The Goals are ambitious but feasible and jointly with the comprehensive United Nation development agenda set the course for the world’s effort to alleviate poverty by 2015. According to Ban Ki-Moon (2009), the Millennium Development Goals would bring about a change and to a large extent, a real difference in the lives of people. With strong Leadership and accountability; this progress can be expanded in most of the world’s countries by the target date of 2015. However, some scholars are not in agreement to the view of Ki-Moon that the MDG’s would bring about a change in the lives of people. According to Deneulin and Shahani (2009) argued that the Millennium Development Goals lack a focus on local participation and empowerment (Excluding women empowerment). The Millennium Development Goals also lack an emphasis on sustainability, making their future after 2015 questionable. Thus, while the MDGs are a tool for tracking progress toward basic poverty reduction and provide a very basic policy road map to achieving these goals, they however do not capture all the elements needed to achieve the ideals set out in the Millennium Declaration. The inability to reach a valid conclusion as to the actualization of the Millennium goals by 2015 has resulted to the Millennium development Goals remaining a problem. Therefore the essence of the Millennium Development Goals comes into play in the context of Nigeria in the sense over 53.6% million Nigerians which is nearly 45% of the total population go to bed hungry every night, around 70% of the total 160 million citizens live below the globally acceptable survival line of $1 Dollar which is equivalent to 160naira per day. Also, over 5million of our youths are not employed, therefore Nigeria according to the National Poverty Eradication Programme (2003) is quoted to be among the poorest country in the world. Therefore, this study seeks to examine the progress in achieving the Millennium Development Goals in Nigeria, how far the Nigerian government have gone for the realization of these goals, and how the Nigerian Government and the society at large intend on making the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals in Nigeria, a reality by 2015. Research Questions The research seeks to answer the following questions: What is the impact of Millennium Development Goals in poverty reduction in Nigeria? Can it be agreed upon that Extreme Poverty and Hunger in the Nigerian state would minimized by 2015? What can be done for Millennium Development Goals to influence the Poverty reduction in Nigeria? Objectives of the Study To examine the impact of Millennium Development Goals in poverty reduction in Nigeria. To evaluate if the extreme poverty and hunger rate in Nigeria can be minimized by 2015. To examine the role of Millennium Development Goals in poverty reduction in Nigeria. Research Hypotheses The Hypothesis to be used for this study would be drawn from the objective of this study. There are: H0: Millennium Development Goals has not impacted in poverty in Nigeria. H1: Millennium Development Goals has impacted in poverty in Nigeria H0: The extreme hunger and poverty in the Nigerian state cannot be minimized by 2015. H2:. The extreme hunger and poverty in the Nigerian state can be by 2015. H0: Millennium development goals has not influenced Poverty reduction in Nigeria H3: Millennium development goals has influenced Poverty reduction in Nigeria Significance of the Study Over the years, this study has been examined by various scholars. The study of the Millennium Development Goals has remained of great importance as it addresses issues on development which Nigeria needs at this very time. The issues of poverty and the bid to alleviate it has been a key issue which governments have attempted to deal with. This attempt has manifested in the various past poverty reduction programmes carried out by the government all aimed at improving the quality of the lives of the populace. The essence of this study is to expose the rate of poverty reduction since its inception of the Millennium Development Goals in 2000. This study will bring forward the various methods or means that the government has embarked on towards the achievement of Poverty reduction especially in Ado-odo ota local government area, Ogun state, Nigeria as a case study, and the impact of millennium development goals in poverty reduction in Nigeria in particular. The importance of this work is to view how poverty reduction can be achieved alongside United Nations Millennium development Goals in Nigeria and the impact of the government towards poverty reduction. And also study at the possibility of the attainment of this goal by 2015 with the use of relevant structures. This study will form a secondary data to other researchers who will research in this area. 1.7 Scope of the study This study examines Millennium Development Goals and Poverty Reduction with particular reference to Ado-odo local government area in Nigeria will be used as a case study. The period covered for this study will be from 2000-2015. This time duration becomes necessary since Millennium Development Goals was formulated in 2000 and to elapse in 2015. It should be noted that 2015 is just some months away. This study also focuses on the possibility of attaining the Poverty Eradication goal by 2015. Research Methodology This segment would discuss the methods to be used in this study. Research methodology can be described as a path through which the objectives of the study can becomes actualized Source of Data The study would engage both primary and secondary sources of data. By primary data sources, required data and information will be collected directly through interviews with Academicians and Government officials in different fields of study in Ado-Odo, Ota Local Government Area, Ogun state. Questionnaires will also be administered to a wider range for information to be extracted from the general public. Secondary sources of data refers to the information gathered from already published or unpublished materials such as magazines, journal articles, newspapers, internet and online materials, lecture notes, conference materials, relevant books and other materials relevant to the subject matter. Secondary sources of data will be employed in this study. Population of the Study The population to be used for this study would include non-governmental bodies, political actors, academicians, and the society at large. The reason for this population range is not only because of their level of knowledge, but also for their importance as key players in the political system. Sample Size A total of 100 questionnaires would be administered during the course of this research. A sum of 5 persons will also be interviewed for vital information to the study. Instrument of data Collection The conduct of direct interviews and the use of questionnaires will be designed as research instrument to collect data on how the Millennium Development Goals have helped attainment of Poverty Reduction in Nigeria. Both Quantitative and Qualitative research methods would be applied. Data Analysis Technique The analysis technique used in this study would be Correlation/Regression Analysis. This analysis would be engaged to study the relationship between the variables used in this research work. Outline Of The Study Chapter One introduces the topic and the MDG’s itself by providing a background to the study. It clarifies the concept of development and how important it is to the nation. It goes on to the statement of problem, the objectives of the study, questions the research seeks to answer, methodology of the study, research significance and hypotheses, and the scope and limitations of the study. Chapter Two covers the review of literatures relevant to this research and the theoretical framework that best explains the subject matter of this study. This includes the conceptualization of key terms, and the theoretical framework which provides a better grasp of the relationship between the millennium development goals and poverty reduction in Nigeria Chapter Three is an overview and assessment of the millennium development goals and poverty reduction in Nigeria. This chapter also examines the causes of Poverty in Nigeria. It moves on to examining the various poverty reduction programmes and policies, the challenges faced in the achievement of these programmes and the current problems of Poverty and hunger in Nigeria. It also outlined the roles of the Nigerian government and the Ogun state Government in attaining poverty reduction in Nigeria; it also would examine the various poverty reduction programmes carried out by the Ogun state Government from 1999 to 2015. Chapter Four is the presentation of data, analysis and interpretation. Data gotten from the field work through interviews and questionnaires will be analyzed using secondary data to support the data analysis. Chapter five summarizes the work, makes recommendations and concludes the study.